Trump threatens Mexico with tariffs and sanctions over water treaty violations affecting U.S. farmers

President Donald Trump has taken a strong stance against Mexico, threatening tariffs and sanctions due to Mexico’s failure to meet its water-sharing obligations with Texas. This dispute centers around a 1944 treaty that mandates Mexico to provide 1.75 million acre-feet of water from the Rio Grande to the U.S. every five years.

In return, the U.S. sends Mexico 1.5 million acre-feet annually from the Colorado River. Trump has made it clear that he expects Mexico to honor this agreement, stating, “We will keep escalating consequences, including TARIFFS and, maybe even SANCTIONS, until Mexico honors the Treaty, and GIVES TEXAS THE WATER THEY ARE OWED!”

According to data from the International Boundary and Water Commission, Mexico has only delivered approximately 400,000 acre-feet of water from October 2020 to October 2024. This shortfall has sparked significant concern and frustration among Texas farmers, particularly those in the Rio Grande Valley, who are feeling the impact on their livelihoods. Last month, Trump threatened to cut off water to Tijuana as part of measures to force Mexico into compliance.

Senator Ted Cruz of Texas has been vocal in his support of Trump’s actions. He called Trump’s approach “excellent,” emphasizing the need for pressure on Mexico to fulfill its obligations under the 1944 Water Treaty. “Texas farmers are in crisis because of Mexico’s noncompliance,” Cruz stated, pledging his cooperation with the Trump administration to resolve the issue.

On Thursday, Trump reiterated his warning to Mexico, threatening additional tariffs and potential sanctions. He pointed out that Mexico owes Texas 1.3 million acre-feet of water under the treaty and accused Mexico of violating its obligations. “This is very unfair, and it is hurting South Texas Farmers very badly,” Trump wrote on Truth Social.

The water shortage has already forced the closure of Texas’ only sugar mill, a situation Trump attributes to Mexico “stealing the water” from American farmers. Trump praised Cruz for his efforts to hold Mexico accountable and ensure that Texas farmers receive the water they are owed. He criticized former President Joe Biden for his inaction on the issue, vowing that “THAT ENDS NOW!”

Trump emphasized that his administration, including Agriculture Secretary Brooke Rollins, is committed to protecting Texas farmers. He promised to continue escalating consequences until Mexico complies with the treaty. Rollins expressed gratitude for Trump’s commitment, highlighting Texans’ resilience in the face of adversity, particularly when dealing with Mexico.

“Texans know a thing or two about facing down Mexico — especially when Mexico breaks its promises and takes what’s ours,” Rollins said. Her statement underscores the determination to secure the water Texas is entitled to under the treaty.

The tension over water rights is not a new issue but has been exacerbated by the current shortfall. For Texas farmers, water is vital for their crops and livelihoods, making the stakes particularly high. The situation has also brought the broader implications of international agreements into focus.

Trump’s use of tariffs and sanctions as leverage is consistent with his broader trade strategy, which he employed throughout his presidency. This approach aims to use economic pressure to achieve political and diplomatic goals. The ongoing dispute highlights the complexities of international treaties and the challenges of enforcement.

The current situation also underscores the importance of strong leadership in addressing international disputes. Trump’s proactive stance is seen by many as a necessary step to protect American interests and ensure compliance with international agreements. The issue has mobilized political support within the U.S., particularly among conservatives who view it as a matter of national sovereignty and fairness.

For many, the dispute is emblematic of broader challenges facing the U.S. in its international relations. Ensuring that agreements are honored is crucial for maintaining trust and cooperation between nations. The situation with Mexico serves as a reminder of the importance of vigilance and assertiveness in protecting national interests.

The water issue is just one of many areas where the U.S. must navigate complex international dynamics. As the situation develops, the focus remains on securing a resolution that ensures Texas farmers receive the water they need. With Trump’s leadership, there is optimism that a solution will be reached.